n.[C]

1. 鐵夾鉗；夾鉗；鐵箍
2. 約束物，束縛物；約束，束縛[（+on）]
   cramps on free thinking

   對自由思想的約束

vt.

1. 用夾鉗夾緊
2. 限制；約束；妨礙
   Her education was cramped by her lack of money.

   她因缺錢而無法深造。

3. 使（車子前輪）轉向

a.

1. 狹窄的；受限制的；難懂的

n.

1. 抽筋，痙攣[C][U]
   The swimmer was seized with a cramp and had to be helped out of the water.

   那個在游泳的人突然抽起筋來，讓別人幫著上了岸。

2. （腹部）絞痛[P]

vt.

1. 使痙攣[H]

n.

1. painful involuntary contraction of a muscle or muscles, typically caused by fatigue or strain.
   ▸ (cramps) N. Amer. abdominal pain caused by menstruation.
2. a tool, typically shaped like a capital G, for clamping two objects together.
   ▸ (also cramp-iron) a metal bar with bent ends for holding masonry together.

v.

1. restrict or inhibit the development of.
2. fasten with a cramp or cramps.
3. suffer from cramp.