a.

1. 粗糙的；表面不平的
   Her hands were rough with work.

   她的雙手因工作而變得粗糙。

2. 毛茸茸的；蓬亂的
3. 未加工的；粗加工的，粗製的
   They built a rough model out of sticks and wire.

   他們用木條和金屬絲做了個粗製的模型。

4. 幹粗活的；需要體力的
5. 粗略的，初步的[Z]
   I had a rough idea where the sunk ship lay.

   我大略知道沉船的位置。

6. 粗暴的；粗野的，粗俗的
   Martin had a rough manner.

   馬丁舉止粗野。

7. 暴風雨的；狂暴的；劇烈的
   The ship sailed in rough seas.

   這船在波濤洶湧的海面行駛。

8. 粗陋的，簡陋的；不講究的
   They lived a rough life on a small island.

   他們在小島上過著簡陋的生活。

9. 【口】難受的，艱難的
   They have been having a rough time recently.

   他們近來的日子很不好過。

10. （聲音等）粗糙刺耳的；（酒等）烈性的；（藥物等）強烈的
11. 【語】送氣的

ad.

1. 粗糙地，粗略地
2. 粗暴地
   Do not treat a naughty child rough.

   不要粗暴地對待頑皮的孩子。

n.

1. 高低不平（或雜草叢生）的地面；（高爾夫球場上生雜草的）深草區[U]
2. 未（或粗）加工狀態；粗製品[U][C]
3. 梗概，要略；草樣；草圖[C][U]
   The pencil is near the pile of roughs.

   鉛筆就在一疊草圖旁。

4. 【主英】粗暴的人；流氓，暴徒[C]
5. 艱難；（生活的）苦難方面[U][P1]

vt.

1. 使不平，使粗糙
   This kind of cloth is easily roughed.

   這種布容易起毛。

2. 使（毛髮等）蓬亂
3. 粗製，製……的毛坯[（+out）]
4. 草擬，畫……的輪廓[（+in/out）]
5. 粗暴對待；毆打[（+up）]

vi.

1. 變粗糙
2. 粗魯行事

adj.

1. having an uneven or irregular surface; not smooth or level.
2. not gentle; violent or boisterous:
   rough treatment.
   ▸(of weather or the sea) wild and stormy.
3. not finished tidily; plain and basic.
   ▸unsophisticated or unrefined.
4. not detailed or fully worked out:
   a rough draft of his new novel.
   ▸not precise; approximate:

   a rough guess.
5. (of a voice) harsh.
   ▸(of wine or another alcoholic drink) sharp or harsh in taste.
6. informal difficult and unpleasant.

n.

1. chiefly Brit. a disreputable and violent person.
2. (on a golf course) the area of longer grass around the fairway and the green.
3. a preliminary sketch.
4. an uncut precious stone.

v.

1. work or shape in a rough, preliminary fashion.
2. make uneven.
3. (rough it) informal live in discomfort with only basic necessities.
4. (rough someone up) informal beat someone up.